According to Laura Clouting, the First World War curator at the Imperial War Museum in London, the meaning of wearing the poppy has undergone significant shifts. In recent times, the poppy has come to represent the sacrifice and efforts of armed forces in modern conflicts.
Clouting explains in a video on the museum’s website:
“It has now come to symbolise the sacrifice and effort of the armed forces in more recent conflicts. But because these more recent conflicts have become more complex and perhaps morally ambiguous, the poppy has become a more contentious symbol.”
She distinguishes the red poppy from the white poppy, the latter promoting peace. Clouting notes the red poppy has been “appropriated by far-right organisations”, leading to objections from some who associate it with controversial actions of Britain’s army, particularly in Northern Ireland.
Those who grew up in Northern Ireland during the 1960s and 1970s often had a tangible connection to war history. Children played with war relics such as steel helmets, ammunition clips, and water flasks that belonged to their fathers and grandfathers.
Bayonets, spent .303 cartridges, and decommissioned grenades scattered across neighborhoods like the Falls Road in west Belfast served as physical reminders of family members who fought and died in two world wars. These items were part of children’s everyday lives, used in games near Rockville Street and on the GAA pitch at McCrory Park.
The poppy’s symbolism has evolved from a clear tribute to wartime sacrifice to a more complex and sometimes divisive emblem, reflecting changing attitudes toward modern conflicts and historical context.